Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing 13 May 2022

Welcome to this week’s Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing – a weekly digest, collated and curated by our cyber experts to provide senior and middle management with an easy to digest round up of the most notable threats, vulnerabilities, and cyber related news from the last week.

Top Cyber Stories of the Last Week

• UK, US Intelligence Agencies Warn Managed Service Providers, including External IT Providers, Are Now Prime Targets for Cyber Attacks

The Five Eyes coalition of international cyber security authorities, this week issued an advisory to warn managed service providers (MSPs), including external IT providers, of an escalating threat of attack from both everyday cyber criminals and state-sponsored threat actors.

MSPs provide or operate information and communications technology services.

With input from cyber security leaders from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the US, the NSA provided recommendations to help bolster their cyber defences, including:

• Finding and disabling dormant accounts.

• Implementing and enforcing multifactor authentication on accounts.

• Ensuring contracts clearly map out who owns and is responsible for securing data.

Malicious actors are targeting MSPs to break into their customers' networks and deploy ransomware, steal data, and spy on them, the Five Eyes authorities have formally warned in a joint security alert.

"The UK, Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, and US cyber security authorities expect malicious cyber actors — including state-sponsored advanced persistent threat (APT) groups — to step up their targeting of MSPs in their efforts to exploit provider-customer network trust relationships," the alert warned.

These types of supply-chain or "island-hopping" attacks can prove very lucrative for cyber criminals because once they break into an MSP, they gain access to all of the customers' networks and data being managed, and in turn commit computer crimes and fraud against those customers' customers.

https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/nsa-warns-managed-service-providers-are-now-prime-targets-for-cyberattacks

• Wannacry – 5 Years On, 68% Of Enterprises Are Still at Risk

5 years on from one of the world’s most damaging ransomware attacks, research from network detection and response leader ExtraHop has found that 68% of enterprises are still running insecure protocol that were exploited by the North Korean ransomware.

The events of 12 May 2017 live on in cyber security lore. WannaCry revealed just how extensive the damage caused by ransomware can be if deployed in large scale – from downtime to ransom paid to reputational damage. Yet despite the danger, huge numbers of organisations are still running SMBv1, the protocol exploited in the WannaCry attacks that has been publicly deprecated since 2014.

https://informationsecuritybuzz.com/expert-comments/wannacry-5-years-on-68-of-enterprises-are-still-at-risk/

• You Can’t Eliminate Cyber Attacks, So Focus on Reducing the Blast Radius

Given it is impossible to prevent all cyber attacks, many organisations should look to reduce the size of the company’s attack surface and the limit the “blast radius” of a potential attack.

There is a danger that the biggest risk concerning cyber attacks is that we’re becoming desensitised to them. After all, businesses experience a ransomware attack every 11 seconds—the majority of which the public never hears about. Faced with this reality, it may seem like efforts to safeguard the enterprise are futile. But that’s all the more reason to strengthen your resolve—and switch up your cyber defence strategy.

The core of this strategy should be the concept of “reducing the blast radius” of an attack, and since you can’t completely eliminate cyber attacks, you need to take steps to contain the impact.

This strategy should contain basic blocking and also consider things such as Zero Trust for remote access, traffic inspection, software-based micro-segmentation and other practical measures to reduce your attack surface.

https://threatpost.com/cyberattacks-blast-radius/179612/

• Just In Time? Bosses Are Finally Waking Up to The Cyber Security Threat

Boardrooms have a reputation for not paying much attention to cyber security, but it could be that executives are finally keen to take more interest in securing the systems and networks their businesses rely on.

Senior figures from American, British and Australian cyber security agencies have said that business execs are now more aware of cyber threats and are actively engaging with their chief information security officer (CISO) and information security teams.

Chief execs are starting to ask their CISOs the right questions, rather than leaving them to it because they don't have to understand complex technology. It does feel like a much more engaging strategic conversation, but there can still be a disconnect between knowing what needs to happen, then actually budgeting for and implementing a cyber security strategy.

https://www.zdnet.com/article/just-in-time-bosses-are-finally-waking-up-to-the-cybersecurity-threat/

• Most Organisations Hit by Ransomware Would Pay Up If Hit Again

Almost nine in 10 organisations that have suffered a ransomware attack would choose to pay the ransom if hit again, according to a new report, compared with two-thirds of those that have not experienced an attack.

The findings come from a report titled "How business executives perceive ransomware threat" by security company Kaspersky, which states that ransomware has become an ever-present threat, with 64 percent of companies surveyed already having suffered an attack, but more worryingly, that executives seem to believe that paying the ransom is a reliable way of addressing the issue.

The report is based on research involving 900 respondents across North America, South America, Africa, Russia, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. The respondents were in senior non-IT management roles at companies between 50 and 1,000 employees.

Kaspersky claims that in 88 percent of organisations that have had to deal with a ransomware incident, business leaders said they would choose to pay the money if faced with another attack. In contrast, among those that have not so far suffered a ransomware attack, only 67 percent would be willing to pay, and they would be less inclined to do so immediately.

https://www.theregister.com/2022/05/13/organizations_pay_ransomware/

• 31,000 FTSE 100 Logins Found on Dark Web

Researchers with Outpost24 are reporting over 31,000 corporate credentials for many of the UK’s leading FTSE 100 firms on the dark web. These are the 100 biggest companies listed on the London Stock Exchange by market capitalisation. The researchers used their threat monitoring and auditing tool Blueliv to search dark web sites for the breached credentials.

Key findings from stolen and leaked credentials study:

• The majority (81%) of the companies within the FTSE 100 had at least one credential compromised and exposed on the dark web

• 31,135 total stolen and leaked credentials detected for FTSE 100 companies, with 38% disclosed on the underground in the past 12 months

• Nearly half (42%) of FTSE 100 companies have more than 500 compromised credentials exposed on the dark web

• Up to 20% of credentials are stolen via malware infection and stealers

• 11% disclosed in the last 3 months (21% in the last 6 months and over 68% have been exposed for over 12 months)

• Over 60% of stolen credentials came from 3 industries – IT/Telecom (23%), Energy and Utility (22%) and Finance (21%)

• IT/Telecoms industry is the most at risk with the highest total amount (7,303) and average stolen credentials per company (730), they are most affected by malware infection and have the most amount of stolen credentials disclosed in the last 3 months

• On average, healthcare has the highest number of stolen credentials per company (485) from data breach as they found themselves increasingly in the cyber criminals’ crosshairs since the pandemic.

https://informationsecuritybuzz.com/expert-comments/31000-ftse-100-logins-found-on-dark-web/

• Ransomware: How Executives Should Prepare Given the Current Threat Landscape

As the number of ransomware attacks continue to increase, the response at C-level must be swift and decisive.

Top executives are increasingly dreading the phone call from their fellow employee notifying them that their company has been hit by a cyber attack. Nearly every week in 2021 and early 2022, a prominent organisation has been in the media spotlight as their public relations team struggles to explain how they were attacked and how they can regain consumer confidence. A recent survey showed that 37 percent of organisations surveyed had been affected by ransomware attacks in the last year.

Worse, the days when executive leadership teams could fully delegate responsibility to a CISO are over. Regardless of reality, surveys have shown that about 40 percent of the public perception of fault for a ransomware attack lands squarely on the CEO’s shoulders, and that 36 percent of attacks result in the loss of C-level talent. While executive involvement in the security program does not guarantee a successful defence, it does give the executive leadership team (ELT) a degree of ownership of the final product, as well as the ability to speak confidently and knowledgeably to the public.

https://www.techrepublic.com/article/ransomware-how-executives-should-prepare-given-the-current-threat-landscape/

• What Your Cyber Insurance Application Form Can Tell You About Ransomware Readiness

The annual cyber insurance application form shows what the carriers think you should be doing to best prevent and recover from ransomware attacks. Pay attention.

If it’s the time of year for you to fill out the annual cyber insurance policy application, you will see how the focus for insurance firms is changing. Each year you can get an insight into what insurance vendors are using to rate the risks and threats to your business and what they are stressing firms should have in place as best practice or what they are expecting you should have in place as a baseline set of controls. Not having them in place could affect insurance rates, whether you are able to get cyber coverage at all, or crucially whether they would pay out in the event of you having to make a claim.

This year you might find more questions specifically around ransomware prevention techniques and protections, from Multi Factor Authentication (MFA) to Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR), and email filtering protections to the robustness of your backups.

Make sure to review your cyber insurance policy and its related questionnaire. And ask whether you are doing everything you can to protect your firm and tailoring your actions to align with what your insurance provider has deemed as a best practice.

https://www.csoonline.com/article/3659831/what-your-cyber-insurance-application-form-can-tell-you-about-ransomware-readiness.html#tk.rss_news

• NCSC Shut Down 2.7 Million Scams in 2021

The UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) removed 2.7 million online scams last year, it was revealed this week, four times as many scams compared to 2020.

The announcement comes as the security agency shared the most recent data from its Active Cyber Defence initiative at the CYBERUK summit earlier in the week.

According to the NCSC, neutralised scams included fake celebrity endorsements and spoof extortion emails.

It has also been revealed that fraud campaigns used common themes, with NHS vaccines and vaccine passports being particularly popular.

Some cyber criminals even posed as NCSC CEO Lindy Cameron – victims received an email claiming the NCSC had prevented £5m of their money from being stolen, and were urged to supply personal information to retrieve the funds.

https://www.itsecurityguru.org/2022/05/10/ncsc-shut-down-2-7-million-scams-in-2021/

• Security Threats Targeting Remote Workers

Remote work offers great benefits, like reduced commute time, increased freedom, and more time to spend with loved ones. But there can be security downsides if sufficient controls are not in place to protect remote workers against the digital threats that come with working via unsecured connections.

Being on a home network lacks the layered network security of the company environment. Remote work itself is not new, but the dramatic shift to working from home over the past two years means there are more security-naive people who are not in the office.

Not all security threats are the fault of technology. Much of it also comes from human error.

Remote work greatly exacerbates human-activated risk, and people are working in more distracting environments where they may have to answer the door for deliveries or might multitask with household chores. That means mistakes are more likely to happen, like sending an email to the wrong recipient or falling for a malicious email attack.

Recent research by Egress found that 77% of IT leaders said they have seen an increase in security compromises since going remote two years ago.

https://www.darkreading.com/endpoint/top-6-security-threats-targeting-remote-workers

• Password Reuse Is Rampant Among Employees in All Sectors

SpyCloud published an annual analysis of identity exposure among employees of Fortune 1000 companies in key sectors such as technology, finance, retail and telecommunications.

Drawing on a database of over 200 billion recaptured assets, researchers identified over 687 million exposed credentials and PII tied to Fortune 1000 employees, a 26% increase from last year’s analysis.

Analysis of this data showed a 64% password reuse rate, widespread use of easy-to-guess passwords, and a spike in malware-infected devices –– all sources of cyber risk for both employers and consumers who rely on businesses to safeguard their personal data. With remote work blurring the lines between work and personal device use, a larger attack surface compounds the risk of cyber attacks proliferating beyond compromised employee and consumer identities to penetrate corporate networks.

https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2022/05/11/fortune-1000-identity-exposure/

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Threats

Ransomware

• Costa Rica Shows the Damage Ransomware Can Do to a Country - The Washington Post

• Ransomware-as-a-Service: Understanding The Cyber Crime Gig Economy And How To Protect Yourself - Microsoft Security Blog

• Ransomware Works Fast, You Need to Be Faster To Counter It - Help Net Security

• A Closer Look At Today’s Ransomware Attack Landscape - MSSP Alert

• Ransomware Is a National Security Threat, So Please Tell Us About Attacks, Says Government | ZDNet

• 5 Years That Altered the Ransomware Landscape (darkreading.com)

• Colonial Pipeline Faces Nearly $1m Fine After Ransomware • The Register

• These Ransomware Attackers Sent Their Ransom Note to The Victim's Printer | ZDNet

• New Malware Samples Indicate Return of REvil Ransomware | SecurityWeek.Com

• How to Avoid Falling Victim to PayOrGrief's Next Rebrand (darkreading.com)

• Examining the Black Basta Ransomware’s Infection Routine (trendmicro.com)

Phishing & Email Based Attacks

• Novel Phishing Trick Uses Weird Links to Bypass Spam Filters | Threatpost

• New Email Security Tool Launched to Help Organisations Check Their Defences - NCSC.GOV.UK

• TA578 Using Thread-Hijacked Emails to Push ISO Files For Bumblebee Malware - SANS Internet Storm Center

Malware

• Novel ‘Nerbian’ Trojan Uses Advanced Anti-Detection Tricks | Threatpost

• Low-rent Remote Access Trojan (RAT) Worries Researchers | Threatpost

• Eternity Malware Kit Offers Stealer, Miner, Worm, Ransomware Tools (bleepingcomputer.com)

• It costs $7 to Rent DCRat Malware to Backdoor Your Network • The Register

• Shopping For Malware: $260 Gets You a Password Stealer... • The Register

• Microsoft: Sysrv Botnet Targets Windows, Linux Servers with New Exploits (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Google Drive Emerges as Top App For Malware Downloads - Help Net Security

• Stealthy Linux Implant BPFdoor Compromised Organizations Globally For Years | CSO Online

• Malware Builder Leverages Discord Webhooks | Threatpost

• Malware Attacks Getting More Regional, Claims Netskope • The Register

• 5-Buck DCRat Malware Foretells a Worrying Cyber Future (darkreading.com)

• Threat Actors Use Telegram to Spread ‘Eternity’ Malware-as-a-Service | Threatpost

• German Automakers Targeted in Year-Long Malware Campaign (bleepingcomputer.com)

Data Breaches/Leaks

• PII Of 21M SuperVPN, GeckoVPN Users Leaked On Telegram - Information Security Buzz

• Victims of Horizon Actuarial Data Breach Exceed 1M (techtarget.com)

Organised Crime & Criminal Actors

• Crypto Robber Who Lured Victims Via Snapchat and Stole £34,000 Jailed (bleepingcomputer.com)

• NCSC Shut Down 2.7 Million Scams in 2021- IT Security Guru

• Crook Jailed for Selling Stolen Credentials On Dark Web • The Register

• UK Government Hackers Destroyed Hundreds of Thousands of Stolen Credit Card Details Held By Criminals | Science & Tech News | Sky News

• US Agrees to International Electronic Cyber Crime Evidence Swap (darkreading.com)

Cryptocurrency/Cryptomining/Cryptojacking/NFTs

• NFT Scams, Toxic ‘Mines’ And Lost Life Savings: The Cryptocurrency Dream Is Fading Fast | David A Banks | The Guardian

• NFTs Emerge as the Next Enterprise Attack Vector (darkreading.com)

• Fake Binance NFT Mystery Box Bots Steal Victim's Crypto Wallets (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Possible $1 Billion Crypto Ponzi Scheme Probed by Tax Investigators - Bloomberg

Insider Risk and Insider Threats

• Angry IT Admin Wipes Employer’s Databases, Gets 7 Years in Prison (bleepingcomputer.com)

Fraud, Scams & Financial Crime

• How Can Your Business Defend Itself Against Fraud-as-a-Service? (darkreading.com)

• Scammers Impersonate Britain’s Top Cyber Crime Chief in Fake £5m Heist (telegraph.co.uk)

• Caramel Credit Card Stealing Service Is Growing in Popularity (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Hackers Are Exploiting WordPress Themes, Plugins to Hawk Scams (gizmodo.com)

• Thousands of WordPress Sites Hacked to Redirect Visitors to Scam Sites (thehackernews.com)

Insurance

• Multi-Factor Authentication: A Key to Cyber Risk Insurance Coverage (tripwire.com)

• How Cyber Liability Insurance Can Help Protect Your Business Reputation - MSSP Alert

Supply Chain and Third Parties

• Five Eyes Urges Organisations to Secure Supply Chains - IT Security Guru

Denial of Service DoS/DDoS

• Why Are DDoS Attacks So Easy to Launch and So Hard to Defend Against? - Help Net Security

Cloud

• The SaaS-to-SaaS Supply Chain Is a Wild, Wild Mess - Help Net Security

Open Source

• Tech Giants Pledge Multimillion Down Payment to Secure Open Source | Cybersecurity Dive

Travel

• Historic Hotel Stay, Complementary Emotet Exposure included (bleepingcomputer.com)

Parental Controls and Child Safety

• Europe Proposes Tackling Child Abuse by Killing Encryption • The Register

Cyber Bullying and Cyber Stalking

• Another ex-eBay Exec Pleads Guilty to Cyber Stalking Critics • The Register

Regulations, Fines and Legislation

• India’s Battle with Pegasus Tells a Bigger Tale Of Tech Laws • The Register

Spyware, Espionage & Cyber Warfare, including Russian Invasion of Ukraine

• Wars Start in Cyberspace Well Before Shots Are Fired • The Register

• #CYBERUK22: Cyber Trends from the Russia-Ukraine War - Infosecurity Magazine

• US Pledges to Help Ukraine Keep the Internet and Lights On (darkreading.com)

• Cyber-Espionage Attack Drops Post-Exploit Malware Framework on Microsoft Exchange Servers (darkreading.com)

• Chinese CCTV Cameras On Our Streets Have Hidden Microphones That Could Be Spying on You (telegraph.co.uk)

• Spain’s Spy Chief Sacked Over Pegasus Scandal - Infosecurity Magazine

• OpRussia Update: Anonymous Breached Other Organizations - Security Affairs

• Pro-Russian Hacktivists Target Italy Government Websites - Security Affairs

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Nation State Actors

Nation State Actors – Russia

• Russian Hackers Targeting Opponents Of Ukraine Invasion, Warns GCHQ Chief | Hacking | The Guardian

• Western Intelligence Blames Russia for Europe-Wide Cyber Attack - Infosecurity Magazine

• State Department Says Russian Cyber War Against Ukraine Began in January | The Independent

• Ukraine War: Don’t Underestimate Russia Cyber-Threat, Warns US - BBC News

Nation State Actors – China

• Experts Uncovered a New Wave Of Attacks Conducted By Mustang Panda - Security Affairs

• China-Backed Winnti Hackers Attacked Manufacturers Globally, Cybereason Alleges - MSSP Alert

Nation State Actors – Iran

• Iranian Hackers Leveraging BitLocker and DiskCryptor in Ransomware Attacks (thehackernews.com)

• Iran-Linked OilRig APT Caught Using New Backdoor | SecurityWeek.Com

• Iran-linked COBALT MIRAGE Group Uses Ransomware in Its Operations - Security Affairs

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Vulnerability Management

• US Cyber Boss Wants Software Patches to Be Like Car Recalls • The Register

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Vulnerabilities

• Critical F5 BIG-IP Vulnerability Exploited to Wipe Devices (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Microsoft Patch Tuesday updates for May 2022 fixes 3 zero-days, 1 under active attack - Security Affairs

• Adobe Warns of 'Critical' Security Flaws in Enterprise Products | SecurityWeek.Com

• Log4Shell Exploit Threatens Enterprise Data Lakes, AI Poisoning (darkreading.com)

• Intel Emits Raft of Firmware Patches For Security Flaws • The Register

• Actively Exploited Zero-Day Bug Patched by Microsoft | Threatpost

• Hundreds of Thousands of Konica Printers Vulnerable to Hacking via Physical Access | SecurityWeek.Com

• HP Fixes Bug Letting Attackers Overwrite Firmware in Over 200 Models (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Zyxel Fixes Firewall Flaws That Could Lead to Hacked Networks (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Microsoft Releases Fixes for Azure Flaw Allowing RCE Attacks (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Researchers Find Flaws in Word, PDF Script Handling • The Register

• SonicWall Releases Patches for New Flaws Affecting SSLVPN SMA1000 Devices (thehackernews.com)

• Microsoft: May Windows Updates Cause AD Authentication Failures (bleepingcomputer.com)

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Sector Specific

Health/Medical/Pharma Sector

• Ransomware Group Strikes Second US Health Care System in The Last Two Months - CyberScoop

• Is That Health App Safe to Use? A New Framework Aims To Provide An Answer - Help Net Security

Manufacturing

• German Automakers Targeted in Year-Long Malware Campaign (bleepingcomputer.com)

• China-Backed Winnti Hackers Attacked Manufacturers Globally, Cybereason Alleges - MSSP Alert

Education and Academia

• A US College Is Shutting Down for Good Following A Ransomware Attack (yahoo.com)

• Fraudulent 'Bot-driven' College Enrolment up 50%, New Study Finds (darkreading.com)

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Reports Published in the Last Week

• How Business Executives Perceive Ransomware Threat | Kaspersky official blog

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Other News

• An Offensive Mindset Is Crucial for Effective Cyber Defence - Help Net Security

• Zero-Click Attacks Explained, And Why They Are So Dangerous | CSO Online

• Britain Must Upgrade Cyber Defences ‘Or Be Hit By 9/11-Style Attack’ (telegraph.co.uk)

• Everything We Learned From the LAPSUS$ Attacks (thehackernews.com)

• Threat Actors Are Stealing Data Now to Decrypt When Quantum Computing Comes (darkreading.com)

• Prepare for What You Wish For: More CISOs on Boards | SecurityWeek.Com

• Ready, IAM, Fire: How Weak Identity and Access Management (IAM) Makes You a Target (darkreading.com)

• How Privileged Access Management (PAM) Must Evolve - MSSP Alert

• Secure Your CMS-Based Websites Against Pervasive Attacks - Help Net Security

• Threats To Hardware Security Are Growing - Help Net Security

• Government’s “Whole of Society” Cyber Strategy Takes Shape - Infosecurity Magazine

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As usual, contact us to help assess where your risks lie and to ensure you are doing all you can do to keep you and your business secure.

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Links to articles are for interest and awareness and linking to or reposting external content does not endorse any service or product, likewise we are not responsible for the security of external links.

Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing 05 May 2022

Welcome to this week’s Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing – a weekly digest, collated and curated by our cyber experts to provide senior and middle management with an easy to digest round up of the most notable threats, vulnerabilities, and cyber related news from the last week.

Top Cyber Stories of the Last Week

• Cyber Scams Cost Victims $6.9b-Plus Worldwide in 2021

Cyber-scams cost victims around the globe at least $6.9 billion last year, according to the FBI's latest Internet Crime Report.

Since 2017, the bureau's Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) received an average of 552,000 complaints per year. This includes reports of extortion, identity theft, phishing, fraud, and a slew of other nefarious schemes that cost victims no less than $18.7 billion in losses over the five-year period.

Unsurprisingly, the volume of these crimes — and related costs — have grown every year; 2021 set records for the total number of complaints (847,376) as well as losses exceeding $6.9 billion, a jump from the $4.2 billion reported a year earlier.

As with earlier years, phishing attacks were by far the most commonly reported crimes, with 323,972 last year. A subset of this category, business email compromise (BEC), is proving very lucrative and cost victims almost $2.4 billion from 19,954 victims, according to the Feds.

BEC involves a cyber criminal compromising a legitimate email account, and then tricking a business or individual into transferring funds, sending employees' personal data, or unlocking cryptocurrency wallets. The fraudster then steals the cash, drains the crypto wallet and/or sells employees' identities and credentials on the dark web.

https://www.theregister.com/2022/05/05/fbi_cyber_scams/

• Bad Actors Are Maximising Remote Everything

The rise of remote work and learning opened new opportunities for many people – as we’ve seen by the number of people who have moved to new places or adapted to “workcations.” Cyber criminals are taking advantage of the same opportunities – just in a different way. Evaluating the prevalence of malware variants by region reveals a sustained interest by cyber adversaries in maximising the remote work and learning attack vector.

As hybrid work and learning become embedded paradigms in our culture, there are fewer layers of protection between malware and would-be victims. And bad actors are gaining access to more tools to help them pull off their nefarious deeds – like exploit kits. At the same time, the attack surface has rapidly expanded and continues to do so.

That means enterprises must take a work-from-anywhere approach to their security. They need to deploy solutions capable of following, enabling and protecting users no matter where they are located. They need security on the endpoint (EDR) combined with zero trust network access (ZTNA) approaches.

https://threatpost.com/bad-actors-remote-everything/179458/

• This Sneaky Hacking Group Hid Inside Networks For 18 Months Without Being Detected

A previously undisclosed cyber-espionage group is using clever techniques to breach corporate networks and steal information related to mergers, acquisitions and other large financial transactions – and they've been able to remain undetected by victims for periods of more than 18 months.

Detailed by cyber security researchers at Mandiant, who've named it UNC3524, the hacking operation has been active since at least December 2019 and uses a range of advanced methods to infiltrate and maintain persistence on compromised networks that set it apart from most other hacking groups. These methods include the ability to immediately re-infect environments after access is removed. It's currently unknown how initial access is achieved. 

One of the reasons UNC3524 is so successful at maintaining persistence on networks for such a long time is because it installs backdoors on applications and services that don't support security tools, such as anti-virus or endpoint protection.

https://www.zdnet.com/article/this-sneaky-hacking-group-hid-inside-networks-for-18-months-without-being-detected/

• FBI: Business Email Compromise: The $43 Billion Scam

According to the FBI, business email compromise (BEC) and email account compromise (EAC) losses have surpassed $43 billion globally. BEC/EAC is a sophisticated scam that targets both businesses and individuals who perform legitimate transfer-of-funds requests.

The BEC/EAC scam continues to grow and evolve, targeting small local businesses to larger corporations, and personal transactions. Between July 2019 and December 2021, there was a 65% increase in identified global exposed losses, meaning the dollar loss that includes both actual and attempted loss in United States dollars.

The following information was derived from filings with financial institutions between June 2016 and December 2021:

• Domestic and international incidents: 241,206

• Domestic and international exposed dollar loss: $43,312,749,946

The following BEC/EAC statistics were reported in victim complaints to the IC3 between October 2013 and December 2021:

• Total US victims: 116,401

• Total US exposed dollar loss: $14,762,978,290

• Total non-US victims: 5,260

• Total non-US exposed dollar loss: $1,277,131,099

https://informationsecuritybuzz.com/expert-comments/fbi-business-email-compromise-the-43-billion-scam/

• Disgruntled Employees Cashing in On Confidential Information Over Dark Web

Disgruntled employees are making hundreds of thousands of dollars by leaking confidential information over a new platform on the so-called dark web, cyber researchers have said.

Hidden in a part of the internet that is only accessible using special software, the Industrial Spy platform promises huge payouts to staff willing to hand over "dirty secrets" to competitors, according to experts at intelligence business Cyberint.

Industrial Spy currently has data on twelve companies from a range of industries available to people who sign up, Cyberint said.

The platform recently managed to sell two tranches of company data for $400,000 (£318,236) and $750,000 each.

An individual has advertised the platform to potential purchasers of the data on the dark web.

The post said: "With our information you could refuse partnership with an unscrupulous partner, reveal dirty secrets of your competitors and earn millions of dollars using insider information."

Cyber criminals have long approached employees individually and offered a bribe to release sensitive information such as internal data and passwords to access computer systems.

But this new platform allows employees to act on their own initiative to steal data and sell it online.

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/05/02/disgruntled-employees-cashing-confidential-information-dark/

• Google Sees More APTs Using Ukraine War-Related Themes

Researchers at Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) say the number of advanced threat actors using Ukraine war-related themes in cyber attacks went up in April with a surge in malware attacks targeting critical infrastructure.

According to Google, known state-backed APT groups from China, Iran, North Korea, and Russia, along with various unattributed groups have been using war-related themes in phishing and malware distribution campaigns.

Looking at the cyber attacks that target Eastern Europe, however, a new Google report notes there hasn't been a significant change from the normal levels of activity, despite the increased adoption of lures related to the Ukraine war.

https://www.securityweek.com/google-sees-more-apts-using-ukraine-war-related-themes

• Cryptocurrency Regulators Are Scrambling to Catch Up with Hackers Who Are Swiping Billions

Just four months in, 2022 has been a banner year for hackers, and fraudsters targeting the industry have swindled more than $1 billion from cryptocurrency investors, according to separate estimates by cryptocurrency analysis firm Immunefi.

The rise in fraud has put US regulators on the offensive. The US Securities and Exchange Commission, which has positioned itself as the industry’s main regulator and enforcer, announced on Tuesday that it was going to double its staff working to resources to combat the rise in fraud.

“Crypto markets have exploded in recent years, with retail investors bearing the brunt of abuses in this space. Meanwhile, cyber-related threats continue to pose existential risks to our financial markets and participants,” Gurbir Grewal, director of the SEC’s Division of Enforcement said in a statement. “The bolstered Crypto Assets and Cyber Unit will be at the forefront of protecting investors and ensuring fair and orderly markets in the face of these critical challenges.”

https://www.cyberscoop.com/cryptocurrency-sec-cybersecurity-bitcoin-regulation-enforcement/

• Tackling the Threats Posed by Shadow IT

While remote technologies have allowed businesses to shift their workforces online, this flexibility has created a swathe of challenges for IT teams who must provide a robust security framework for their organisation – encompassing all the personnel and devices within their remit. In addition to the ever-increasing number of personal devices, corporate devices and programs, more and more applications are moving to the cloud as workloads become increasingly distributed across public clouds and software-as-a-service (SaaS).

This means IT teams are even harder pressed to secure and manage the complex environments they operate in. The unsanctioned use of corporate IT systems, devices, and software – known as shadow IT – has increased significantly during the shift to remote work, and recent research found almost one in seven (68%) are concerned about information security because of employees following shadow IT practices.

Shadow IT can allow hackers to steal employee and customer identities, company intellectual property, and cause companies to fail compliance audits. It can also open the door to enterprises accidentally breaking laws and exposes organisations to data exfiltration, malware, and phishing.

https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2022/05/05/shadow-it-risk/

• Hackers Used the Log4j Flaw to Gain Access Before Moving Across a Company's Network, Say Security Researchers

State-backed hacking groups are some of the most advanced cyber attack operations in the world - but criminals don't need to rely on them if they can exploit unpatched cyber security flaws.

A North Korean hacking and cyber espionage operation breached the network of an engineering firm linked to military and energy organisations by exploiting a cyber security vulnerability in Log4j.

First detailed in December, the vulnerability (CVE-2021-44228) allows attackers to remotely execute code and gain access to systems that use Log4j, a widely used Java logging library.

The ubiquitous nature of Log4j meant cyber security agencies urged organisations globally to apply security updates as quickly as possible, but months on from disclosure, many are still vulnerable to the flaw.

According to cyber security researchers at Symantec, one of those companies that was still vulnerable was an undisclosed engineering firm that works in the energy and military sectors. That vulnerability resulted in the company being breached when attackers exploited the gap on a public-facing VMware View server in February this year. From there, attackers were able to move around the network and compromise at least 18 computers.

https://www.zdnet.com/article/heres-how-hackers-used-the-log4j-flaw-to-gain-access-before-moving-across-a-companys-network/

• New Hacker Group Pursuing Corporate Employees Focused on Mergers and Acquisitions

[Explanatory note from Black Arrow: When a group of cyber attackers is identified by the cyber security community, it is given a code name usually composed of letters and digits. These groups are also sometimes referred to as APTs., or Advanced Persistent Threats, because the groups are highly skilled and are persistent in their attacks; they are often supported by their state government].

A newly discovered suspected espionage threat actor has been targeting employees focusing on mergers and acquisitions as well as large corporate transactions to facilitate bulk email collection from victim environments.

Mandiant is tracking the activity cluster under the uncategorised moniker UNC3524, citing a lack of evidence linking it to an existing group. However, some of the intrusions are said to mirror techniques used by different Russia-based hacking crews like APT28 and APT29.

"The high level of operational security, low malware footprint, adept evasive skills, and a large Internet of Things (IoT) device botnet set this group apart and emphasise the 'advanced' in Advanced Persistent Threat," the threat intelligence firm said in a report.

The initial access route is unknown but upon gaining a foothold, attack chains involving UNC3524 culminate in the deployment of a novel backdoor called QUIETEXIT for persistent remote access for as long as 18 months without getting detected in some cases.

https://thehackernews.com/2022/05/new-hacker-group-pursuing-corporate.html

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Threats

Ransomware

• Lockbit 2.0, Conti Dominate Ransomware Attack Activity - MSSP Alert: Cyber Security News for MSSPs & MDR Service Providers

• Twitter May Have Given User's Private Data to A Ransomware Hacker, Who Then Ran a Researcher Offline - CyberScoop

• US DoS Offers a Reward of Up To $15M For Info on Conti Ransomware Gang - Security Affairs

• Trend Micro Discovers AvosLocker Can Disable Antivirus Software (techtarget.com)

• Experts Analyse Conti and Hive Ransomware Gangs' Chats with Their Victims (thehackernews.com)

• New Ransomware Strains Linked to North Korean Govt Hackers (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Ransomware Attacks: Why Case Studies Provide Rare Learning Opportunities - MSSP Alert: Cybersecurity News for MSSPs & MDR Service Providers

• REvil Revival: Are Ransomware Gangs Ever Really Gone? (darkreading.com)

• What We've Learned in the 12 Months Since the Colonial Pipeline Attack (darkreading.com)

Phishing & Email Based Attacks

• MSPs Need a Layered Defence Against Phishing - MSSP Alert: Cyber Security News for MSSPs & MDR Service Providers

• Google SMTP Relay Service Abused for Sending Phishing Emails (bleepingcomputer.com)

• US DoD Scammed Out of $23M in Phishing Attack on Jet-Fuel Vendors (darkreading.com)

• 1000s of Phishing Emails Sent from NHS Inboxes - IT Security Guru

Malware

• This New Fileless Malware Hides Shellcode in Windows Event Logs (thehackernews.com)

• Raspberry Robin Spreads Via Removable USB Devices - Security Affairs

• Hackers Using PrivateLoader PPI Service to Distribute New NetDooka Malware (thehackernews.com)

Mobile

• Android Monthly Updates Are Out – Critical Bugs Found in Critical Places! – Naked Security (sophos.com)

IoT

• Unpatched DNS Bug Affects Millions of Routers and IoT Devices (bleepingcomputer.com)

• What Should I Know About Defending IoT Attack Surfaces? (darkreading.com)

Organised Crime & Criminal Actors

• Scammer Infects His Own Machine with Spyware, Reveals True Identity (darkreading.com)

Cryptocurrency/Cryptomining/Cryptojacking/NFTs

• Crypto Hackers Stole More Than $370 Million In April Alone (vice.com)

• Ferrari Subdomain Hijacked to Push Fake Ferrari NFT Collection (bleepingcomputer.com)

Supply Chain

• NIST Issues Guidance for Addressing Software Supply-Chain Risk (darkreading.com)

Open Source

• Open-Source Security: It's Too Easy to Upload 'Devastating' Malicious Packages, Warns Google | ZDNet

• How Linux Became the New Bullseye for Bad Guys | SecurityWeek.Com

Passwords & Credential Stuffing

• Good End User Passwords Begin with A Well-Enforced Password Policy - Help Net Security

• 55% of People Rely on Their Memory To Manage Passwords - Help Net Security

• A Security Researcher Easily Found My Passwords and More: How My Digital Footprints Left Me Surprisingly Over-Exposed | ZDNet

• A Third of Americans Use Easy-to-Guess Pet Passwords (darkreading.com)

Spyware, Espionage & Cyber Warfare, including Russian Invasion of Ukraine

• Mandiant CEO: False-flag Ops a Red Line For Nation-States • The Register

• Anonymous and Ukraine IT Army Continue to Target Russian Entities - Security Affairs

• Pro-Ukraine Hackers Use Docker Images to DDoS Russian Sites (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Chinese Hackers Caught Stealing Intellectual Property from Multinational Companies (thehackernews.com)

• Russia Hammered by Pro-Ukrainian Hackers Following Invasion | Ars Technica

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Nation State Actors

Nation State Actors – Russia

• Russia-Linked APT29 Targets Diplomatic and Government Organisations - Security Affairs

• Russian Ransomware Group Claims Attack on Bulgarian Refugee Agency - CyberScoop

• Russia Cyber Attacks Raise Questions About Hacking Red Lines - Bloomberg

• Putin Threatens Supply Chains with Counter-Sanction Order • The Register

• Russian Hackers Targeting Diplomatic Entities in Europe, Americas, and Asia (thehackernews.com)

• China-linked APT Curious Gorge Targeted Russian Govt Agencies - Security Affairs

• Russia-Ukraine War Prompts Security Best Practices Refresher (techtarget.com)

Nation State Actors – China

• China-Linked Winnti APT Group Silently Stole Trade Secrets for Years: Report | SecurityWeek.Com

• State-Backed Chinese Hackers Target Russia - Infosecurity Magazine (infosecurity-magazine.com)

• Chinese "Override Panda" Hackers Resurface With New Espionage Attacks (thehackernews.com)

• Experts Uncover New Espionage Attacks by Chinese 'Mustang Panda' Hackers (thehackernews.com)

• China Not Happy With South Korea Joining NATO Cyber Defense Center | SecurityWeek.Com

Nation State Actors – North Korea

• Security Researchers: Here's How the Lazarus Hackers Start Their Attacks | ZDNet

• US Sanctions Cryptocurrency Mixer Blender for Helping North Korea Launder Millions (thehackernews.com)

• VHD Ransomware Variant Linked to North Korean Cyber Army (darkreading.com)

Nation State Actors – Misc

• Stealthy APT Group Plunders Very Specific Corporate Email Accounts - Help Net Security

• UNC3524 APT Uses IP Cameras to Deploy Backdoors and Target Exchange - Security Affairs

• 1,000+ Attacks in 2 Years: How the SideWinder APT Sheds Its Skin (darkreading.com)

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Vulnerabilities

• CISA Adds Five Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalogue | CISA

• Aruba and Avaya Network Switches Are Vulnerable to RCE Attacks (bleepingcomputer.com)

• Cisco Issues Patches for 3 New Flaws Affecting Enterprise NFVIS Software (thehackernews.com)

• F5 Warns of a New Critical BIG-IP Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (thehackernews.com)

• May 2022 Patch Tuesday Forecast: Look Beyond Just Application and OS Updates - Help Net Security

• Critical Cisco VM-Escape Bug Threatens Host Takeover (darkreading.com)

• Researchers Disclose Years-Old Vulnerabilities in Avast and AVG Antivirus (thehackernews.com)

• QNAP Releases Firmware Patches for 9 New Flaws Affecting NAS Devices (thehackernews.com)

• Multiple Vulnerabilities in Firefox Products Could Allow for Arbitrary Code Execution (cisecurity.org)

• Critical RCE Bug Reported in dotCMS Content Management Software (thehackernews.com)

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Sector Specific

Financial Services Sector

• German Finance Watchdog Sees 'Very Big' Risk of Cyber Attacks | SecurityWeek.Com

Telecoms

• Top Ransomware Attack Targets: Telecom Leapfrogs Healthcare - MSSP Alert: Cybersecurity News for MSSPs & MDR Service Providers

• Chinese Hackers Caught Exploiting Popular Antivirus Products to Target Telecom Sector (thehackernews.com)

Health/Medical/Pharma Sector

• Healthcare and Education Sectors Most Susceptible to Cyber Incidents - Infosecurity Magazine

• Phishing Operation Hits NHS Email Accounts • The Register

Education and Academia

• April Ransomware Attacks Slam US Universities (techtarget.com)

• Healthcare and Education Sectors Most Susceptible to Cyber Incidents - Infosecurity Magazine

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Other News

• WordPress Sites Getting Hacked ‘Within Seconds’ of TLS Certificates Being Issued | The Daily Swig (portswigger.net)

• Heroku: Cyber Attacker Used Stolen OAuth Tokens to Steal Customer Account Credentials (darkreading.com)

• Car Rental Company Sixt Hit by a Cyber Attack that Caused Disruptions - Security Affairs

• White House Says To Prepare For Cryptography-Cracking Quantum Computers - Information Security Buzz

• CMS-Based Sites Under Attack: The Latest Threats and Trends - Help Net Security

• Mozilla Finds Mental Health Apps Fail 'Spectacularly' at User Security, Data Policies | ZDNet

• Renew Focus on Web Application Security - MSSP Alert: Cybersecurity News for MSSPs & MDR Service Providers

• UK to Place Security Requirements on App Developers and Store Operators - Infosecurity Magazine

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As usual, contact us to help assess where your risks lie and to ensure you are doing all you can do to keep you and your business secure.

Look out for our ‘Cyber Tip Tuesday’ video blog and on our YouTube channel.

You can also follow us on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn.

Links to articles are for interest and awareness and linking to or reposting external content does not endorse any service or product, likewise we are not responsible for the security of external links.

Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing - 30 October 2020

Welcome to this week’s Black Arrow Cyber Threat Briefing – a weekly digest, collated and curated by our cyber experts to provide senior and middle management with an easy to digest round up of the most notable threats, vulnerabilities and cyber related news from the last week.

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Threats

Ransomware

Furniture Giant Steelcase Hit by Suspected Ransomware Attack

Steelcase, the world’s largest maker of office furniture, revealed in a filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that it had become the latest big name to be hit by a major ransomware attack.

The firm claimed to have detected a cyber-attack on its IT systems last Thursday, October 22.

“The company promptly implemented a series of containment measures to address this situation including temporarily shutting down the affected systems and related operations,” it continued. “The company is actively engaged in restoring the affected systems and returning to normal levels of operations.”

https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/furniture-giant-steelcase/

Multinational energy company Enel Group hit by ransomware again, Netwalker demands $14 million

Multinational energy company Enel Group has been hit by a ransomware attack for the second time this year. This time by Netwalker, who is asking a $14 million ransom for the decryption key and to not release several terabytes of stolen data.

Enel is one of the largest players in the European energy sector, with more than 61 million customers in 40 countries. As of August 10, it ranks 87 in Fortune Global 500, with a revenue of almost $90 billion in 2019.

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/enel-group-hit-by-ransomware-again-netwalker-demands-14-million/

Ransomware vs WFH: How remote working is making cyber attacks easier to pull off

The unique conditions of 2020 mean businesses are more reliant on being digitally connected than ever before. Cyber criminals know this, which is why ransomware attacks have become even more pervasive – and effective during the course this year.Hackers are breaking into networks of organisations ranging from tech companies to local governments and almost every other sector; encrypting servers, services and files with ransomware before demanding a bitcoin ransom that can be measured in hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars.

https://www.zdnet.com/article/ransomware-vs-wfh-how-remote-working-is-making-cyberattacks-easier-to-pull-off/

REvil ransomware gang claims over $100 million profit in a year

REvil ransomware developers say that they made more than $100 million in one year by extorting large businesses across the world from various sectors.

They are driven by profit and want to make $2 billion from their ransomware service, adopting the most lucrative trends in their pursuit of wealth.

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/revil-ransomware-gang-claims-over-100-million-profit-in-a-year/

Phishing

Remote Workers Ignore Training to Open Suspicious Emails

Remote workers are increasingly putting corporate data and systems at risk by failing to follow best practice security, according to new research from Mimecast.

The email security vendor polled over 1000 global respondents working from corporate machines to compile its latest report, Company-issued computers: What are employees really doing with them?

It found a litany of risky behaviour: for example, 73% of respondents frequently use their company-issued device for personal matters such as checking webmail (47%), carrying out financial transactions (38%) and online shopping (35%).

https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/remote-workers-ignore-training/

Malware

Emotet campaign used parked domains to deliver malware payloads

Researchers tracking malicious use of parked domains have spotted the Emotet botnet using such domains to deliver malware payloads as part of a large scale phishing campaign.

Domain owners park their domains using parking service providers to monetize them via advertisement networks while they're not being used to host an active website or online service.

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/emotet-campaign-used-parked-domains-to-deliver-malware-payloads/

The world of malware has a new rising star - and that's a big problem

A fast-spreading malware-as-a-service offering could be providing an alternative to other well-known malware loaders like Emotet and BazarLoader, experts have warned.

Buer was first discovered in August 2019, when it was used to compromise Windows PCs, acting as a gateway for further attacks to follow.

Buer comes with bot functionality, specific to each download. The bots can be configured depending on a variety of filters, including whether the infected machine is 32 or 64 bits, the country where the exploit is taking place and what specific tasks are required.

https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/the-world-of-malware-has-a-new-rising-star-and-thats-a-problem

Akamai sees doubling in malicious internet traffic as remote world’s bad actors' boom, too

Akamai Technologies’ CEO Tom Leighton is impressed by the amazing traffic levels on the internet during the coronavirus pandemic, and the world technology infrastructure’s ability to handle it. But during the stay-at-home boom, the web and cyber security expert also has been closely watching a boom in bad actors.

With so many people working from home, hackers are taking advantage, and massively increasing the number of attacks as daily routine changes caused by the pandemic are prolonged and become potentially permanent.

https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/29/akamai-malicious-net-traffic-doubles-as-remote-world-bad-actors-boom.html

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Vulnerabilities

Microsoft warns of ongoing attacks using Windows Zerologon flaw

Microsoft today warned that threat actors are continuing to actively exploit systems unpatched against the ZeroLogon privilege escalation vulnerability in the Netlogon Remote Protocol (MS-NRPC).

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-warns-of-ongoing-attacks-using-windows-zerologon-flaw/

Oracle WebLogic Server RCE Flaw Under Active Attack

The flaw in the console component of the WebLogic Server, CVE-2020-14882, is under active attack, researchers warn.

If an organization hasn’t updated their Oracle WebLogic servers to protect them against a recently disclosed RCE flaw, researchers have a dire warning: “Assume it has been compromised.”

https://threatpost.com/oracle-weblogic-server-rce-flaw-attack/160723/

This CMS cyberattack has affected thousands of sites worldwide

Security researchers have tracked and analysed a highly sophisticated botnet which they believe to be responsible for infecting hundreds of thousands of websites by attacking their content management system (CMS) platforms.

The botnet, named Kashmir Black, has been in operation since November of last year and while it started out small, it has now evolved into a sophisticated operation capable of attacking thousands of sites each day.

https://www.techradar.com/news/this-cms-cyberattack-has-affected-thousands-of-sites-worldwide

Cisco routers have another high-risk vulnerability

A security vulnerability found in a number of its carrier-grade routers is actively being exploited in the wild by cyber criminals.

The vulnerability affects ASR 9000 series routers, iOS XRv 9000 router and the 540, 560, 1000, 5000, 5500 and 6000 series routers from its Network Convergence System (NCS) line.

https://www.techradar.com/news/cisco-routers-have-another-high-risk-vulnerability

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Other News

Security scam hacker ogled 722 women via webcams

A computer hacker who used webcams to watch women undressing and having sex faces extradition to the US.

Christopher Taylor spied on 772 victims in 39 countries — including 52 in the UK — from his Wigan home.

The labourer, 57, tricked the women into downloading software that allowed him to take control of their webcams, Westminster magistrates’ court heard.

https://www.metro.news/security-scam-hacker-ogled-772-women-via-webcams/2199001/

Amazon Discloses Security Incident Involving Customers’ Email Addresses

Amazon informed some of its customers about a security incident that involved the unauthorized disclosure of their email addresses.

News of the security incident emerged over the weekend of October 23 when multiple users took to Twitter to voice their confusion over an email they had received from Amazon.

In an email notification the tech giant explained that it had fired an employee after they unlawfully disclosed some customers’ email addresses to a third party.

https://www.tripwire.com/state-of-security/security-data-protection/amazon-discloses-security-incident-involving-customers-email-addresses/

'Act of War' Clause Could Nix Cyber Insurance Payouts

Companies relying on their business interruption or property insurance policies to cover ransomware attacks and other cyber damages are running the risk of not having coverage during a major attack if insurers are successful in shielding themselves using the ubiquitous "act of war" clause, according to cyber security and insurance experts.

https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/act-of-war-clause-could-nix-cyber-insurance-payouts/d/d-id/1339317

Therapy patients blackmailed for cash after clinic data breach

Many patients of a large psychotherapy clinic in Finland have been contacted individually by a blackmailer, after their data was stolen.

The data appears to have included personal identification records and notes about what was discussed in therapy sessions.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-54692120

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As usual, contact us to help assess where your risks lie and to ensure you are doing all you can do to keep you and your business secure.

Look out for our weekly ‘Cyber Tip Tuesday’ video blog and on our YouTube channel.

You can also follow us on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn.

Links to articles are for interest and awareness and linking to or reposting external content does not endorse any service or product, likewise we are not responsible for the security of external links.